✨ feat: Create Instance, Auto Instance Region

src/main/config/appConfig.ts

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ import { app } from "electron";
 import { join } from "node:path";
 import { existsSync, readFileSync } from "node:fs";
 import { writeFileAtomicSync } from "../lib/atomicFile";
-import type { AppConfig } from "../../shared/types/appConfig";
+import type { AppConfig, PreferredRegion } from "../../shared/types/appConfig";
 import { detectedGamePath } from "../game/steam";
 
 const path = () => join(app.getPath("userData"), "app-config.json");
 
 type StoredConfig = Omit<AppConfig, "version" | "detectedGamePath">;
-const DEFAULTS: StoredConfig = { gamePath: null };
+const DEFAULTS: StoredConfig = { gamePath: null, preferredRegion: "auto" };
 
 function readStored(): StoredConfig {
   try {
@@ -26,6 +26,16 @@ export function gamePathOverride(): string | null {
   return readStored().gamePath;
 }
 
+export function preferredRegion(): PreferredRegion {
+  return readStored().preferredRegion;
+}
+
+export function setPreferredRegion(region: PreferredRegion): AppConfig {
+  const next: StoredConfig = { ...readStored(), preferredRegion: region };
+  writeFileAtomicSync(path(), JSON.stringify(next, null, 2));
+  return withDerived(next);
+}
+
 export function getConfig(): AppConfig {
   return withDerived(readStored());
 }

src/main/game/region.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+import { connect } from "node:net";
+import type { InstanceRegion } from "../../shared/types/instance";
+import type { RegionPing } from "../../shared/types/appConfig";
+import { logger } from "../debug/logger";
+import { preferredRegion } from "../config/appConfig";
+
+// VRChat's photon game servers don't expose stable public ping hostnames, so we
+// measure latency to a public host physically co-located with each region's
+// datacenter
+const PING_HOSTS: Record<InstanceRegion, string> = {
+  us: "ec2.us-west-1.amazonaws.com",
+  use: "ec2.us-east-1.amazonaws.com",
+  eu: "ec2.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com",
+  jp: "ec2.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com",
+};
+
+const REGIONS = Object.keys(PING_HOSTS) as InstanceRegion[];
+const PORT = 443;
+const ATTEMPTS = 3;
+const TIMEOUT_MS = 2000;
+
+function tcpPing(host: string): Promise<number | null> {
+  return new Promise((resolve) => {
+    const start = performance.now();
+    const sock = connect({ host, port: PORT });
+    const done = (ms: number | null) => {
+      sock.destroy();
+      resolve(ms);
+    };
+    sock.setTimeout(TIMEOUT_MS);
+    sock.once("connect", () => done(performance.now() - start));
+    sock.once("timeout", () => done(null));
+    sock.once("error", () => done(null));
+  });
+}
+
+async function measure(host: string): Promise<number | null> {
+  const samples: number[] = [];
+  for (let i = 0; i < ATTEMPTS; i++) {
+    const ms = await tcpPing(host);
+    if (ms !== null) samples.push(ms);
+  }
+  if (samples.length === 0) return null;
+  samples.sort((a, b) => a - b);
+  const kept = samples.length > 1 ? samples.slice(0, -1) : samples;
+  return Math.round(kept.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0) / kept.length);
+}
+
+function regionFromTimezone(): InstanceRegion {
+  let tz = "";
+  try {
+    tz = Intl.DateTimeFormat().resolvedOptions().timeZone ?? "";
+  } catch {}
+  if (/^Asia\//.test(tz)) return "jp";
+  if (/^(Europe|Africa)\//.test(tz)) return "eu";
+  if (
+    /^America\/(New_York|Detroit|Toronto|Montreal|Halifax|Indiana|Kentucky|Chicago|Sao_Paulo)/.test(
+      tz,
+    )
+  ) {
+    return "use";
+  }
+  return "us";
+}
+
+export async function pingRegions(): Promise<RegionPing[]> {
+  return Promise.all(
+    REGIONS.map(async (region) => ({ region, ms: await measure(PING_HOSTS[region]) })),
+  );
+}
+
+const DETECT_TTL_MS = 30 * 60 * 1000;
+let cached: { region: InstanceRegion; at: number } | null = null;
+
+export function invalidateRegionCache(): void {
+  cached = null;
+}
+
+export async function detectBestRegion(): Promise<InstanceRegion> {
+  if (cached && Date.now() - cached.at < DETECT_TTL_MS) return cached.region;
+
+  const pings = await pingRegions();
+  const reachable = pings.filter((p): p is RegionPing & { ms: number } => p.ms !== null);
+  if (reachable.length === 0) {
+    const fallback = regionFromTimezone();
+    logger.info("region", "all pings failed, using timezone fallback", { fallback });
+    return fallback;
+  }
+  const best = reachable.reduce((a, b) => (b.ms < a.ms ? b : a));
+  cached = { region: best.region, at: Date.now() };
+  logger.info("region", "detected best region", { region: best.region, ms: best.ms });
+  return best.region;
+}
+
+const REFRESH_MS = 30 * 60 * 1000;
+
+export function startRegionDetection(): void {
+  const tick = (): void => {
+    if (preferredRegion() !== "auto") return;
+    invalidateRegionCache();
+    void detectBestRegion();
+  };
+  tick();
+  setInterval(tick, REFRESH_MS).unref();
+}

src/main/index.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { reconcile as reconcileEnhancements } from "./enhancements/service";
 import { registerGalleryScheme, registerGalleryProtocol } from "./gallery/protocol";
 import { startSocialBridge } from "./store/social";
 import { startWatcher as startGameWatcher, joinInstance } from "./game/launch";
+import { startRegionDetection } from "./game/region";
 import { startGalleryWatch, stopGalleryWatch } from "./gallery/watcher";
 import { startDebugBridge } from "./debug/bridge";
 import { logger } from "./debug/logger";
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ function start(): void {
     startDebugBridge();
     startGameWatcher();
     startGalleryWatch();
+    startRegionDetection();
     createMainWindow();
 
     handleVrchatUrl(vrchatUrlFromArgv(process.argv));

src/main/ipc/handlers.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import * as gallery from "../gallery/service";
 import { thumbStats, clearThumbnails } from "../gallery/thumbnails";
 import * as appConfig from "../config/appConfig";
 import * as game from "../game/launch";
+import * as region from "../game/region";
 import { socialSnapshot } from "../store/social";
 import { worldStore } from "../store/worldStore";
 import { groupStore } from "../store/groupStore";
@@ -54,6 +55,9 @@ const handlers = {
 
   "instance:get": ({ worldId, instanceId }) =>
     guard(() => instances.getInstance(worldId, instanceId)),
+  "instance:create": (input) => guard(() => instances.createInstance(input)),
+  "instance:inviteSelf": ({ worldId, instanceId }) =>
+    guard(() => instances.inviteSelf(worldId, instanceId)),
 
   "avatar:get": (avatarId) => guard(() => avatars.getAvatar(avatarId)),
   "avatar:favorites": () => guard(() => avatars.getFavoritedAvatars()),
@@ -94,6 +98,19 @@ const handlers = {
       if (res.canceled || !res.filePaths[0]) return appConfig.getConfig();
       return appConfig.setGamePath(res.filePaths[0]);
     }),
+  "config:setPreferredRegion": (p) =>
+    guard(async () => {
+      const next = appConfig.setPreferredRegion(p.region);
+      if (p.region === "auto") void region.detectBestRegion();
+      return next;
+    }),
+
+  "region:detect": () => guard(() => region.detectBestRegion()),
+  "region:ping": () =>
+    guard(() => {
+      region.invalidateRegionCache();
+      return region.pingRegions();
+    }),
 
   "unity:status": () => guard(() => unity.unityStatus()),
   "unity:install": (url) =>
@@ -105,6 +122,10 @@ const handlers = {
 
   "game:status": () => guard(() => game.status()),
   "game:launch": () => guard(() => game.launch()),
+  "game:join": ({ location }) =>
+    guard(async () => {
+      await game.joinInstance(`vrchat://launch?ref=vrchat.com&id=${location}`);
+    }),
 
   "gallery:snapshot": () => guard(async () => gallery.snapshot()),
   "gallery:reveal": (path) => guard(async () => void shell.showItemInFolder(path)),

src/main/vrchat/instanceService.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
-import type { Instance } from "../../shared/types/instance";
+import type {
+  Instance,
+  CreateInstanceInput,
+  CreateInstanceType,
+} from "../../shared/types/instance";
 import { toInstance } from "./mappers";
 import { cachedRead } from "./cachedRead";
+import { requireActiveClient } from "./client";
+import { currentUser } from "./userService";
 import { cacheKeys, policies } from "../cache/policies";
 
 export async function getInstance(worldId: string, instanceId: string): Promise<Instance> {
@@ -13,3 +19,42 @@ export async function getInstance(worldId: string, instanceId: string): Promise<
     },
   );
 }
+
+type SdkType = "public" | "friends" | "hidden" | "private";
+
+function mapCreateType(type: CreateInstanceType): { type: SdkType; canRequestInvite?: boolean } {
+  switch (type) {
+    case "public":
+      return { type: "public" };
+    case "friends+":
+      return { type: "hidden" };
+    case "friends":
+      return { type: "friends" };
+    case "invite":
+      return { type: "private" };
+    case "invite+":
+      return { type: "private", canRequestInvite: true };
+  }
+}
+
+export async function createInstance(input: CreateInstanceInput): Promise<Instance> {
+  const vrc = requireActiveClient();
+  const sdk = mapCreateType(input.type);
+  const ownerId = sdk.type === "public" ? undefined : (await currentUser()).id;
+  const { data } = await vrc.createInstance({
+    body: {
+      worldId: input.worldId,
+      region: input.region,
+      type: sdk.type,
+      ...(ownerId ? { ownerId } : {}),
+      ...(sdk.canRequestInvite ? { canRequestInvite: true } : {}),
+    },
+    throwOnError: true,
+  });
+  return toInstance(data);
+}
+
+export async function inviteSelf(worldId: string, instanceId: string): Promise<void> {
+  const vrc = requireActiveClient();
+  await vrc.inviteMyselfTo({ path: { worldId, instanceId }, throwOnError: true });
+}

src/main/vrchat/mappers.ts

@@ -211,6 +211,8 @@ export function toInstance(raw: SdkInstance): Instance {
     full: raw.full ?? false,
     queueEnabled: raw.queueEnabled ?? false,
     queueSize: raw.queueSize ?? 0,
+    secureName: raw.secureName ?? undefined,
+    shortName: raw.shortName ?? undefined,
   };
 }
 

src/renderer/src/components/ui/HoverImage.tsx

@@ -1,15 +1,45 @@
-import type { ImgHTMLAttributes } from "react";
+import { useEffect, useRef, useState, type ImgHTMLAttributes } from "react";
 
 export function HoverImage({
   className = "",
   alt = "",
+  src,
   ...props
 }: ImgHTMLAttributes<HTMLImageElement>) {
+  const ref = useRef<HTMLSpanElement>(null);
+  const [visible, setVisible] = useState(false);
+  const [loaded, setLoaded] = useState(false);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const el = ref.current;
+    if (!el || visible) return;
+    const io = new IntersectionObserver(
+      (entries) => {
+        if (entries.some((e) => e.isIntersecting)) {
+          setVisible(true);
+          io.disconnect();
+        }
+      },
+      { rootMargin: "300px" },
+    );
+    io.observe(el);
+    return () => io.disconnect();
+  }, [visible]);
+
   return (
+    <span ref={ref} className="block size-full bg-surface-hover">
+      {visible && src ? (
         <img
           alt={alt}
-      className={`size-full object-cover transition-transform duration-300 group-hover:scale-105 ${className}`}
+          src={src}
+          onLoad={() => setLoaded(true)}
+          decoding="async"
+          className={`size-full object-cover transition-[transform,opacity] duration-300 group-hover:scale-105 ${
+            loaded ? "opacity-100" : "opacity-0"
+          } ${className}`}
           {...props}
         />
+      ) : null}
+    </span>
   );
 }

src/renderer/src/components/ui/Modal.tsx

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { useEffect, type ReactNode } from "react";
 import { createPortal } from "react-dom";
 import { X } from "lucide-react";
 import { Button } from "./Button";
+import { useT } from "../../lib/i18n";
 
 type ModalProps = {
   open: boolean;
@@ -25,11 +26,12 @@ export function Modal({
   children,
   danger,
   confirmLabel,
-  cancelLabel = "Cancel",
+  cancelLabel,
   onConfirm,
   confirmLoading,
   confirmDisabled,
 }: ModalProps) {
+  const t = useT();
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!open) return;
     const onKey = (e: KeyboardEvent) => {
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ export function Modal({
         {onConfirm ? (
           <div className="mt-5 flex justify-end gap-2.5">
             <Button variant="ghost" onClick={onClose} disabled={confirmLoading}>
-              {cancelLabel}
+              {cancelLabel ?? t("common:cancel")}
             </Button>
             <Button
               variant={danger ? "danger" : "primary"}

src/renderer/src/features/profile/LocationSection.tsx

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { useWorld } from "../../store/worlds";
 import { useNav } from "../navigation/NavContext";
 import { api } from "../../lib/api";
 import { useAsync } from "../../lib/useAsync";
-import { locationLabel, regionLabels } from "../../lib/vrchat";
+import { locationLabel, regionLabels, regionFlag } from "../../lib/vrchat";
 
 export function LocationSection({ location }: { location?: Location }) {
   const { openWorld } = useNav();
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ export function LocationSection({ location }: { location?: Location }) {
     const region = parsed.region
       ? (regionLabels[parsed.region] ?? parsed.region.toUpperCase())
       : null;
+    const flag = regionFlag(parsed.region);
     return (
       <Wrap>
         <button
@@ -57,7 +58,12 @@ export function LocationSection({ location }: { location?: Location }) {
               </span>
               {region ? (
                 <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1">
-                  <Globe size={11} /> {region}
+                  {flag ? (
+                    <span className="text-[13px] leading-none">{flag}</span>
+                  ) : (
+                    <Globe size={11} />
+                  )}{" "}
+                  {region}
                 </span>
               ) : null}
               {inInstance ? (

src/renderer/src/features/settings/SettingsView.tsx

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import {
   Droplet,
   FolderOpen,
   Gamepad2,
+  Gauge,
+  Globe2,
   Info,
   Languages,
   Monitor,
@@ -19,10 +21,11 @@ import {
 import { useTheme } from "../../lib/ThemeContext";
 import { useI18n } from "../../lib/i18n";
 import { ACCENT_PRESETS, DEFAULT_ACCENT, type SchemeMode } from "../../lib/theme";
-import type { AppConfig } from "../../../../shared/types/appConfig";
+import type { AppConfig, PreferredRegion, RegionPing } from "../../../../shared/types/appConfig";
 import type { UnityStatus } from "../../../../shared/types/unity";
 import { api, errorMessage } from "../../lib/api";
 import { useAsync } from "../../lib/useAsync";
+import { regionFlag, regionLabels } from "../../lib/vrchat";
 import { Button, Field, Tabs } from "../../components/ui";
 
 const SHELL = "mx-auto flex w-full max-w-[760px] flex-col gap-[18px] px-12 pb-16 pt-10";
@@ -62,6 +65,7 @@ export function SettingsView() {
       {tab === "game" ? (
         <div className={SECTIONS}>
           <GameSection />
+          <RegionSection />
         </div>
       ) : null}
 
@@ -380,6 +384,112 @@ function Notice({ error, ok }: { error?: string | null; ok?: string | null }) {
   return null;
 }
 
+const REGION_OPTIONS: PreferredRegion[] = ["auto", "us", "use", "eu", "jp"];
+
+function RegionSection() {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
+  const [region, setRegion] = useState<PreferredRegion>("auto");
+  const [ok, setOk] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [pings, setPings] = useState<RegionPing[] | null>(null);
+  const [testing, setTesting] = useState(false);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    api.config.get().then((c) => setRegion(c.preferredRegion));
+  }, []);
+
+  const choose = async (r: PreferredRegion) => {
+    setRegion(r);
+    setOk(null);
+    const next = await api.config.setPreferredRegion(r);
+    setRegion(next.preferredRegion);
+    setOk(t("settings:region.saved"));
+  };
+
+  const test = async () => {
+    setTesting(true);
+    setPings(null);
+    try {
+      setPings(await api.region.ping());
+    } finally {
+      setTesting(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const best = pings
+    ?.filter((p): p is RegionPing & { ms: number } => p.ms !== null)
+    .reduce<(RegionPing & { ms: number }) | null>((a, b) => (!a || b.ms < a.ms ? b : a), null);
+
+  const label = (r: PreferredRegion) =>
+    r === "auto"
+      ? t("settings:region.auto")
+      : `${regionFlag(r) ?? ""} ${regionLabels[r] ?? r.toUpperCase()}`.trim();
+
+  return (
+    <Section
+      title={t("settings:region.title")}
+      icon={<Globe2 size={16} />}
+      description={t("settings:region.description")}
+    >
+      <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2">
+        {REGION_OPTIONS.map((r) => {
+          const active = r === region;
+          return (
+            <button
+              key={r}
+              type="button"
+              onClick={() => void choose(r)}
+              aria-pressed={active}
+              className={`rounded-lg border px-4 py-2.5 text-[13.5px] font-semibold transition-colors ${
+                active
+                  ? "border-accent bg-[color-mix(in_srgb,var(--accent)_8%,var(--surface-2))]"
+                  : "border-border bg-surface-2 hover:border-accent"
+              }`}
+            >
+              {label(r)}
+            </button>
+          );
+        })}
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="mt-4 flex items-center gap-2.5">
+        <Button variant="ghost" onClick={() => void test()} loading={testing}>
+          <Gauge size={14} />
+          {testing ? t("settings:region.testing") : t("settings:region.test")}
+        </Button>
+      </div>
+
+      {pings ? (
+        <div className="mt-3 flex flex-col gap-1.5">
+          {pings.map((p) => (
+            <div key={p.region} className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px]">
+              <span className="w-28 shrink-0 text-muted">
+                {regionFlag(p.region) ?? ""} {regionLabels[p.region] ?? p.region.toUpperCase()}
+              </span>
+              {p.ms === null ? (
+                <span className="text-faint">{t("settings:region.unreachable")}</span>
+              ) : (
+                <span
+                  className="font-mono font-semibold"
+                  style={best?.region === p.region ? { color: "var(--status-active)" } : undefined}
+                >
+                  {p.ms} ms
+                </span>
+              )}
+              {best?.region === p.region ? (
+                <span className="text-[11px] font-semibold text-[var(--status-active)]">
+                  {t("settings:region.best")}
+                </span>
+              ) : null}
+            </div>
+          ))}
+        </div>
+      ) : null}
+
+      <Notice ok={ok} />
+    </Section>
+  );
+}
+
 function UnitySection() {
   const { t } = useI18n();
   const status = useAsync(() => api.unity.status(), [], t("settings:unity.error"));

src/renderer/src/features/world/CreateInstanceModal.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import { Check, Copy, Globe, Play, Send, Sparkles } from "lucide-react";
+import { Banner, Button, Modal } from "../../components/ui";
+import { api, errorMessage } from "../../lib/api";
+import { useCopied } from "../../lib/useCopied";
+import { regionFlag } from "../../lib/vrchat";
+import { useT } from "../../lib/i18n";
+import type {
+  CreateInstanceInput,
+  CreateInstanceType,
+  Instance,
+  InstanceRegion,
+} from "../../../../shared/types/instance";
+
+const TYPES: CreateInstanceType[] = ["public", "friends+", "friends", "invite+", "invite"];
+const REGIONS: InstanceRegion[] = ["us", "use", "eu", "jp"];
+
+function launchLink(inst: Instance, name: string): string {
+  const instanceId = inst.location.slice(inst.location.indexOf(":") + 1);
+  const params = new URLSearchParams({ worldId: inst.worldId, instanceId, shortName: name });
+  return `https://vrchat.com/home/launch?${params.toString()}`;
+}
+
+export function CreateInstanceModal({
+  worldId,
+  open,
+  onClose,
+}: {
+  worldId: string;
+  open: boolean;
+  onClose: () => void;
+}) {
+  const t = useT();
+  const [type, setType] = useState<CreateInstanceType>("invite");
+  const [region, setRegion] = useState<InstanceRegion | null>(null);
+  const [autoRegion, setAutoRegion] = useState(false);
+  const [detecting, setDetecting] = useState(false);
+  const [creating, setCreating] = useState(false);
+  const [instance, setInstance] = useState<Instance | null>(null);
+  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const touched = useRef(false);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!open) return;
+    touched.current = false;
+    let cancelled = false;
+    void api.config.get().then(async (cfg) => {
+      if (cancelled || touched.current) return;
+      if (cfg.preferredRegion !== "auto") {
+        setAutoRegion(false);
+        setRegion(cfg.preferredRegion);
+        return;
+      }
+      setAutoRegion(true);
+      setDetecting(true);
+      try {
+        const best = await api.region.detect();
+        if (!cancelled && !touched.current) setRegion(best);
+      } finally {
+        if (!cancelled) setDetecting(false);
+      }
+    });
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, [open]);
+
+  const pickRegion = (r: InstanceRegion) => {
+    touched.current = true;
+    setRegion(r);
+  };
+
+  const reset = () => {
+    setInstance(null);
+    setError(null);
+    setCreating(false);
+  };
+
+  const close = () => {
+    onClose();
+    setTimeout(reset, 200);
+  };
+
+  const create = async () => {
+    if (!region) return;
+    setCreating(true);
+    setError(null);
+    try {
+      const input: CreateInstanceInput = { worldId, type, region };
+      setInstance(await api.instance.create(input));
+    } catch (err) {
+      setError(errorMessage(err, "Failed to create instance"));
+    } finally {
+      setCreating(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <Modal
+      open={open}
+      onClose={close}
+      title={t("world:create.title")}
+      icon={<Globe size={18} />}
+      confirmLabel={instance ? undefined : t("world:create.submit")}
+      onConfirm={instance ? undefined : create}
+      confirmLoading={creating}
+      confirmDisabled={!instance && !region}
+    >
+      {instance ? (
+        <ResultView instance={instance} />
+      ) : (
+        <div className="flex flex-col gap-4">
+          {error ? <Banner>{error}</Banner> : null}
+          <Picker
+            label={t("world:create.type")}
+            value={type}
+            options={TYPES}
+            onChange={setType}
+            render={(v) => t(`world:create.types.${v}`)}
+          />
+          <Picker
+            label={t("world:create.region")}
+            value={region}
+            options={REGIONS}
+            onChange={pickRegion}
+            render={(v) => `${regionFlag(v) ?? ""} ${t(`world:create.regions.${v}`)}`.trim()}
+            hint={
+              detecting ? (
+                <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 text-accent">
+                  <Sparkles size={11} className="animate-pulse" />
+                  {t("world:create.detecting")}
+                </span>
+              ) : autoRegion && region ? (
+                <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 text-faint">
+                  <Sparkles size={11} />
+                  {t("world:create.autoDetected", {
+                    region: t(`world:create.regions.${region}`),
+                  })}
+                </span>
+              ) : undefined
+            }
+          />
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </Modal>
+  );
+}
+
+function Picker<T extends string>({
+  label,
+  value,
+  options,
+  onChange,
+  render,
+  hint,
+}: {
+  label: string;
+  value: T | null;
+  options: readonly T[];
+  onChange: (v: T) => void;
+  render: (v: T) => string;
+  hint?: React.ReactNode;
+}) {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <div className="mb-1.5 flex items-center gap-2 text-[12px] font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-faint">
+        {label}
+      </div>
+      <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
+        {options.map((opt) => (
+          <Button
+            key={opt}
+            variant={opt === value ? "primary" : "ghost"}
+            onClick={() => onChange(opt)}
+            className="px-3.5 py-1.5 text-[13px]"
+          >
+            {render(opt)}
+          </Button>
+        ))}
+      </div>
+      {hint ? <div className="mt-1.5 text-[12px]">{hint}</div> : null}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+function ResultView({ instance }: { instance: Instance }) {
+  const t = useT();
+  const [inviteSent, setInviteSent] = useState(false);
+  const [inviteError, setInviteError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [launching, setLaunching] = useState(false);
+  const [launchError, setLaunchError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+
+  const launch = async () => {
+    setLaunching(true);
+    setLaunchError(null);
+    try {
+      await api.game.join(instance.location);
+    } catch (err) {
+      setLaunchError(errorMessage(err, "Failed to launch VRChat"));
+    } finally {
+      setLaunching(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const selfInvite = async () => {
+    setInviteError(null);
+    try {
+      await api.instance.inviteSelf(instance.worldId, instance.instanceId);
+      setInviteSent(true);
+    } catch (err) {
+      setInviteError(errorMessage(err, "Failed to send invite"));
+    }
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="flex flex-col gap-4">
+      <p className="text-text">{t("world:create.ready")}</p>
+
+      <div className="flex flex-col gap-1.5">
+        <Button variant="primary" onClick={launch} loading={launching} block>
+          {!launching ? <Play size={15} /> : null}
+          {launching ? t("world:create.launching") : t("world:create.launch")}
+        </Button>
+        {launchError ? <span className="text-[12px] text-danger">{launchError}</span> : null}
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="flex flex-col gap-1.5">
+        <Button variant="ghost" onClick={selfInvite} disabled={inviteSent} block>
+          {inviteSent ? <Check size={15} /> : <Send size={15} />}
+          {inviteSent ? t("world:create.selfInviteSent") : t("world:create.selfInvite")}
+        </Button>
+        {inviteError ? <span className="text-[12px] text-danger">{inviteError}</span> : null}
+      </div>
+
+      {instance.secureName ? (
+        <LinkRow
+          label={t("world:create.lockedLink")}
+          hint={t("world:create.lockedHint")}
+          link={launchLink(instance, instance.secureName)}
+        />
+      ) : null}
+
+      {instance.shortName ? (
+        <LinkRow
+          label={t("world:create.unlockedLink")}
+          hint={t("world:create.unlockedHint")}
+          link={launchLink(instance, instance.shortName)}
+          warn
+        />
+      ) : null}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+function LinkRow({
+  label,
+  hint,
+  link,
+  warn,
+}: {
+  label: string;
+  hint: string;
+  link: string;
+  warn?: boolean;
+}) {
+  const t = useT();
+  const [copied, copy] = useCopied();
+
+  return (
+    <div className="flex flex-col gap-1.5">
+      <Button variant="ghost" onClick={() => copy(link)} block>
+        {copied ? <Check size={15} /> : <Copy size={15} />}
+        {copied ? t("world:create.copied") : `${t("world:create.copy")} ${label}`}
+      </Button>
+      <span
+        className={`text-[12px] ${warn ? "" : "text-faint"}`}
+        style={warn ? { color: "var(--status-ask)" } : undefined}
+      >
+        {hint}
+      </span>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

src/renderer/src/features/world/WorldView.tsx

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
-import { Globe, Heart, Tag as TagIcon, Users } from "lucide-react";
+import { useState } from "react";
+import { Globe, Heart, Plus, Tag as TagIcon, Users } from "lucide-react";
 import type { World } from "../../../../shared/types/world";
-import { Banner, Fact, Section, Skeleton, StatTile, Tag } from "../../components/ui";
+import { Banner, Button, Fact, Section, Skeleton, StatTile, Tag } from "../../components/ui";
 import { api } from "../../lib/api";
 import { useAsync } from "../../lib/useAsync";
 import { compactNumber, formatDate, prettyTag } from "../../lib/format";
 import { useWorlds } from "../../store/worlds";
 import { useNav } from "../navigation/NavContext";
+import { useT } from "../../lib/i18n";
 import { COL_WIDE } from "../../lib/layout";
+import { CreateInstanceModal } from "./CreateInstanceModal";
 import "../profile/profile.css";
 
 export function WorldView({ worldId }: { worldId: string }) {
@@ -22,6 +25,8 @@ export function WorldView({ worldId }: { worldId: string }) {
 
 function WorldCard({ world }: { world: World }) {
   const { openUser } = useNav();
+  const t = useT();
+  const [createOpen, setCreateOpen] = useState(false);
   const banner = world.imageUrl || world.thumbnailImageUrl;
   const players = world.occupants;
 
@@ -57,8 +62,18 @@ function WorldCard({ world }: { world: World }) {
             {world.platforms?.android ? <Tag color="var(--status-join)">Quest</Tag> : null}
           </div>
         </div>
+        <Button className="mb-1 ml-auto shrink-0" onClick={() => setCreateOpen(true)}>
+          <Plus size={15} />
+          {t("world:createInstance")}
+        </Button>
       </div>
 
+      <CreateInstanceModal
+        worldId={world.id}
+        open={createOpen}
+        onClose={() => setCreateOpen(false)}
+      />
+
       <div className={`${COL_WIDE} mt-6 flex flex-col gap-5`}>
         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3 sm:grid-cols-4">
           <StatTile

src/renderer/src/lib/api.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ import type { ApiError } from "../../../shared/types/result";
 import type { ContentFilterKey } from "../../../shared/types/settings";
 import type { UserStatus } from "../../../shared/types/user";
 import type { EnhancementId } from "../../../shared/types/enhancements";
+import type { CreateInstanceInput } from "../../../shared/types/instance";
+import type { PreferredRegion } from "../../../shared/types/appConfig";
 
 export class ApiException extends Error {
   constructor(public readonly error: ApiError) {
@@ -62,6 +64,9 @@ export const api = {
   },
   instance: {
     get: (worldId: string, instanceId: string) => call("instance:get", { worldId, instanceId }),
+    create: (input: CreateInstanceInput) => call("instance:create", input),
+    inviteSelf: (worldId: string, instanceId: string) =>
+      call("instance:inviteSelf", { worldId, instanceId }),
   },
   avatar: {
     get: (avatarId: string) => call("avatar:get", avatarId),
@@ -104,6 +109,11 @@ export const api = {
     get: () => call("config:get"),
     setGamePath: (gamePath: string | null) => call("config:setGamePath", { gamePath }),
     pickGamePath: () => call("config:pickGamePath"),
+    setPreferredRegion: (region: PreferredRegion) => call("config:setPreferredRegion", { region }),
+  },
+  region: {
+    detect: () => call("region:detect"),
+    ping: () => call("region:ping"),
   },
   unity: {
     status: () => call("unity:status"),
@@ -112,6 +122,7 @@ export const api = {
   game: {
     status: () => call("game:status"),
     launch: () => call("game:launch"),
+    join: (location: string) => call("game:join", { location }),
   },
   gallery: {
     snapshot: () => call("gallery:snapshot"),

src/renderer/src/lib/i18n/locales/en/settings.json

@@ -82,5 +82,16 @@
     "appName": "VRC Circle",
     "version": "Version",
     "disclaimer": "Unofficial. Not affiliated with or endorsed by VRChat Inc."
+  },
+  "region": {
+    "title": "Instance Region",
+    "description": "The region new instances you create are hosted in. Auto picks the lowest-latency region for your connection.",
+    "auto": "Auto",
+    "autoHint": "Detect the best region",
+    "saved": "Region saved.",
+    "test": "Test latency",
+    "testing": "Pinging regions…",
+    "unreachable": "unreachable",
+    "best": "Best"
   }
 }

src/renderer/src/lib/i18n/locales/en/world.json

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+  "createInstance": "Create Instance",
+  "create": {
+    "title": "Create Instance",
+    "type": "Access",
+    "region": "Region",
+    "submit": "Create",
+    "creating": "Creating…",
+    "detecting": "Detecting best region…",
+    "autoDetected": "Auto: {{region}}",
+    "types": {
+      "public": "Public",
+      "friends+": "Friends+",
+      "friends": "Friends",
+      "invite": "Invite",
+      "invite+": "Invite+"
+    },
+    "regions": {
+      "us": "US West",
+      "use": "US East",
+      "eu": "Europe",
+      "jp": "Japan"
+    },
+    "ready": "Instance created.",
+    "launch": "Launch VRChat",
+    "launching": "Launching…",
+    "selfInvite": "Invite myself",
+    "selfInviteSent": "Invite sent. Check VRChat.",
+    "lockedLink": "locked link",
+    "lockedHint": "Follows the instance rules. Safe to share.",
+    "unlockedLink": "unlocked link",
+    "unlockedHint": "Bypasses the instance rules. Anyone with it can join. Not recommended.",
+    "copy": "Copy",
+    "copied": "Copied"
+  }
+}

src/renderer/src/lib/i18n/locales/ja/settings.json

@@ -82,5 +82,16 @@
     "appName": "VRC Circle",
     "version": "バージョン",
     "disclaimer": "非公式です。VRChat Inc. とは提携しておらず、承認も受けていません。"
+  },
+  "region": {
+    "title": "インスタンスのリージョン",
+    "description": "作成する新しいインスタンスのホスト地域です。自動を選ぶと、接続に最も遅延の少ないリージョンが選ばれます。",
+    "auto": "自動",
+    "autoHint": "最適なリージョンを検出",
+    "saved": "リージョンを保存しました。",
+    "test": "遅延をテスト",
+    "testing": "リージョンをping中…",
+    "unreachable": "接続不可",
+    "best": "最適"
   }
 }

src/renderer/src/lib/i18n/locales/ja/world.json

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+  "createInstance": "インスタンスを作成",
+  "create": {
+    "title": "インスタンスを作成",
+    "type": "アクセス",
+    "region": "リージョン",
+    "submit": "作成",
+    "creating": "作成中…",
+    "detecting": "最適なリージョンを検出中…",
+    "autoDetected": "自動: {{region}}",
+    "types": {
+      "public": "パブリック",
+      "friends+": "フレンド+",
+      "friends": "フレンド",
+      "invite": "インバイト",
+      "invite+": "インバイト+"
+    },
+    "regions": {
+      "us": "米国西部",
+      "use": "米国東部",
+      "eu": "ヨーロッパ",
+      "jp": "日本"
+    },
+    "ready": "インスタンスを作成しました。",
+    "launch": "VRChatを起動",
+    "launching": "起動中…",
+    "selfInvite": "自分を招待",
+    "selfInviteSent": "招待を送信しました。VRChatを確認してください",
+    "lockedLink": "ロック付きリンク",
+    "lockedHint": "インスタンスのルールに従います。共有しても安全です。",
+    "unlockedLink": "ロックなしリンク",
+    "unlockedHint": "インスタンスのルールを無視します。リンクを持つ誰でも参加できます。推奨しません。",
+    "copy": "コピー",
+    "copied": "コピーしました"
+  }
+}

src/renderer/src/lib/i18n/locales/th/settings.json

@@ -82,5 +82,16 @@
     "appName": "VRC Circle",
     "version": "เวอร์ชัน",
     "disclaimer": "ไม่เป็นทางการ ไม่ได้มีส่วนเกี่ยวข้องหรือได้รับการรับรองจาก VRChat Inc."
+  },
+  "region": {
+    "title": "ภูมิภาคของอินสแตนซ์",
+    "description": "ภูมิภาคที่ใช้โฮสต์อินสแตนซ์ใหม่ที่คุณสร้าง อัตโนมัติจะเลือกภูมิภาคที่มีความหน่วงต่ำที่สุดสำหรับการเชื่อมต่อของคุณ",
+    "auto": "อัตโนมัติ",
+    "autoHint": "ตรวจหาภูมิภาคที่ดีที่สุด",
+    "saved": "บันทึกภูมิภาคแล้ว",
+    "test": "ทดสอบความหน่วง",
+    "testing": "กำลัง ping ภูมิภาค…",
+    "unreachable": "เชื่อมต่อไม่ได้",
+    "best": "ดีที่สุด"
   }
 }

src/renderer/src/lib/i18n/locales/th/world.json

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+  "createInstance": "สร้างอินสแตนซ์",
+  "create": {
+    "title": "สร้างอินสแตนซ์",
+    "type": "การเข้าถึง",
+    "region": "ภูมิภาค",
+    "submit": "สร้าง",
+    "creating": "กำลังสร้าง…",
+    "detecting": "กำลังตรวจหาภูมิภาคที่ดีที่สุด…",
+    "autoDetected": "อัตโนมัติ: {{region}}",
+    "types": {
+      "public": "สาธารณะ",
+      "friends+": "เพื่อน+",
+      "friends": "เพื่อน",
+      "invite": "เชิญ",
+      "invite+": "เชิญ+"
+    },
+    "regions": {
+      "us": "สหรัฐฯ ฝั่งตะวันตก",
+      "use": "สหรัฐฯ ฝั่งตะวันออก",
+      "eu": "ยุโรป",
+      "jp": "ญี่ปุ่น"
+    },
+    "ready": "สร้างอินสแตนซ์แล้ว",
+    "launch": "เปิด VRChat",
+    "launching": "กำลังเปิด…",
+    "selfInvite": "เชิญตัวเอง",
+    "selfInviteSent": "ส่งคำเชิญแล้ว ตรวจสอบใน VRChat",
+    "lockedLink": "ลิงก์ที่ล็อก",
+    "lockedHint": "เป็นไปตามกฎของอินสแตนซ์ แชร์ได้อย่างปลอดภัย",
+    "unlockedLink": "ลิงก์ที่ปลดล็อก",
+    "unlockedHint": "ข้ามกฎของอินสแตนซ์ ใครก็ตามที่มีลิงก์สามารถเข้าร่วมได้ ไม่แนะนำ",
+    "copy": "คัดลอก",
+    "copied": "คัดลอกแล้ว"
+  }
+}

src/renderer/src/lib/vrchat.ts

@@ -64,6 +64,17 @@ export const regionLabels: Record<string, string> = {
   jp: "Japan",
 };
 
+export const regionFlags: Record<string, string> = {
+  us: "🇺🇸",
+  use: "🇺🇸",
+  eu: "🇪🇺",
+  jp: "🇯🇵",
+};
+
+export function regionFlag(region?: string): string | undefined {
+  return region ? regionFlags[region.toLowerCase()] : undefined;
+}
+
 const languageNames: Record<string, string> = {
   eng: "English",
   kor: "Korean",

src/renderer/src/store/worlds.ts

@@ -21,8 +21,32 @@ export const useWorlds = create<WorldState>((set) => ({
   upsert: (w) => set((st) => ({ worlds: { ...st.worlds, [w.id]: w } })),
 }));
 
+
+let pending: World[] = [];
+let flushScheduled = false;
+
+function flushUpserts(): void {
+  flushScheduled = false;
+  if (pending.length === 0) return;
+  const batch = pending;
+  pending = [];
+  useWorlds.setState((st) => {
+    const worlds = { ...st.worlds };
+    for (const w of batch) worlds[w.id] = w;
+    return { worlds };
+  });
+}
+
+function queueUpsert(w: World): void {
+  pending.push(w);
+  if (!flushScheduled) {
+    flushScheduled = true;
+    requestAnimationFrame(flushUpserts);
+  }
+}
+
 events.on("world:seed", (s) => useWorlds.getState().seed(s));
-events.on("world:upsert", (w) => useWorlds.getState().upsert(w));
+events.on("world:upsert", queueUpsert);
 api.world
   .snapshot()
   .then((s) => useWorlds.getState().seed(s))

src/shared/ipc.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import type {
 } from "./types/auth";
 import type { SocialSnapshot, UserProfile, UserStatus } from "./types/user";
 import type { FavoriteWorldFolder, World, WorldSnapshot } from "./types/world";
-import type { Instance } from "./types/instance";
+import type { CreateInstanceInput, Instance, InstanceRegion } from "./types/instance";
 import type { UnityStatus } from "./types/unity";
 import type { Avatar } from "./types/avatar";
 import type { RepoStats, StoredEntity } from "./types/repository";
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import type { AccountSettings, ContentFilterKey, Pending2Fa, RecoveryCode } from
 import type { Group, GroupSnapshot } from "./types/group";
 import type { EnhancementId, EnhancementsSnapshot } from "./types/enhancements";
 import type { GallerySnapshot, Photo, ThumbCacheStats } from "./types/gallery";
-import type { AppConfig } from "./types/appConfig";
+import type { AppConfig, PreferredRegion, RegionPing } from "./types/appConfig";
 import type { GameStatus } from "./types/game";
 import type { IpcResult } from "./types/result";
 import type { CacheEntryInfo, CacheStats, DebugSnapshot, LogEntry, WsEvent } from "./types/debug";
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@ export interface IpcRequests {
   "world:snapshot": () => IpcResult<WorldSnapshot>;
 
   "instance:get": (location: { worldId: string; instanceId: string }) => IpcResult<Instance>;
+  "instance:create": (input: CreateInstanceInput) => IpcResult<Instance>;
+  "instance:inviteSelf": (p: { worldId: string; instanceId: string }) => IpcResult<void>;
 
   "avatar:get": (avatarId: string) => IpcResult<Avatar>;
   "avatar:favorites": () => IpcResult<Avatar[]>;
@@ -95,12 +97,17 @@ export interface IpcRequests {
   "config:get": () => IpcResult<AppConfig>;
   "config:setGamePath": (p: { gamePath: string | null }) => IpcResult<AppConfig>;
   "config:pickGamePath": () => IpcResult<AppConfig>;
+  "config:setPreferredRegion": (p: { region: PreferredRegion }) => IpcResult<AppConfig>;
+
+  "region:detect": () => IpcResult<InstanceRegion>;
+  "region:ping": () => IpcResult<RegionPing[]>;
 
   "unity:status": () => IpcResult<UnityStatus>;
   "unity:install": (url: string) => IpcResult<void>;
 
   "game:status": () => IpcResult<GameStatus>;
   "game:launch": () => IpcResult<GameStatus>;
+  "game:join": (p: { location: string }) => IpcResult<void>;
 
   "gallery:snapshot": () => IpcResult<GallerySnapshot>;
   "gallery:reveal": (path: string) => IpcResult<void>;

src/shared/types/appConfig.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,15 @@
+import type { InstanceRegion } from "./instance";
+
+export type PreferredRegion = InstanceRegion | "auto";
+
 export interface AppConfig {
   version: string;
   gamePath: string | null;
   detectedGamePath: string | null;
+  preferredRegion: PreferredRegion;
+}
+
+export interface RegionPing {
+  region: InstanceRegion;
+  ms: number | null;
 }

src/shared/types/instance.ts

@@ -12,4 +12,15 @@ export interface Instance {
   full: boolean;
   queueEnabled: boolean;
   queueSize: number;
+  secureName?: string;
+  shortName?: string | null;
+}
+
+export type CreateInstanceType = "public" | "friends+" | "friends" | "invite" | "invite+";
+export type InstanceRegion = "us" | "use" | "eu" | "jp";
+
+export interface CreateInstanceInput {
+  worldId: string;
+  type: CreateInstanceType;
+  region: InstanceRegion;
 }